Friday, January 15, 2016

A Glimpse into the Pakistani Psyche -- پاکستانی نفسیات کی ایک جھلک -- إطلالة على النفسية الباكستانية -- Regards sur la psyché pakistanaise

Refractions of Identity: A Glimpse into the Pakistani Psyche

The Architect’s Vision: A Synthesis of Faith and State

In the early 20th century, Leopold Weiss, an Austrian Jew, embarked on a spiritual odyssey that culminated in his conversion to Islam. Reborn as Muhammad Asad, he became a pivotal figure in the ideological architecture of the nascent Pakistani state. Asad sought to reconcile ancient tradition with modern governance, positing that a parliamentary system could serve as the contemporary vessel for the Islamic concept of Shoora (mutual consultation). In his seminal work, The Principles of State and Government in Islam, he endeavored to justify the modern nation-state not merely as a political necessity, but as a legitimate manifestation of Islamic principles.

The Top-Down Fallacy: Hindsight and the Grassroots Reality

Decades later, the clarity of hindsight reveals a profound flaw in this assumption. The "Pakistan Experiment" has largely demonstrated the futility of implementing faith through state-mandated decree. Islam, by its very nature, flourishes through the Prophetic methodology: a transformation of the heart that begins at the individual level and radiates outward.

True submission to a divine moral code cannot be engineered by a bureaucracy; it must be an organic byproduct of a population that has internalized the message. Attempting to impose a legalistic framework upon a citizenry that lacks a holistic grasp of Tawhid (monotheism)—and its deep ethical implications—is a recipe for institutional collapse and spiritual disenchantment.

The "Ideology of Deprivation": A Psyche Forged in Scarcity

The peculiar union of Islamic identity and modern nationalism has birthed a unique, and often fractured, collective psyche. From primary school to the university level, the state-sanctioned curriculum—Pakistan and Islamic Studies—fuses faith with a narrative of survival.

This educational framework often emphasizes identity through opposition. By framing the Muslim experience as one defined by economic and social deprivation at the hands of a "dominant other," the state has inadvertently ingrained a scarcity mentality into the national mind. This "taker" ethos, born of perceived victimhood, has catalyzed:

  • Social Fragmentation: A society divided into ethnic and sectarian enclaves, each vying for a piece of a shrinking pie.

  • The Tearing of the Social Fabric: A culture where "brotherhood" is frequently sacrificed at the altar of inheritance disputes and material gain.

  • Normalization of Malpractice: An environment where bribery, violence, and corruption are so ubiquitous they no longer evoke a moral reflex.

The Intellectual Vacuum and the Veneer of Knowledge

Perhaps the most tragic consequence of this ideological mashing is the atrophy of human thought. In this warped paradigm, knowledge has been reduced to a commodity.

  1. Functional Literacy over Philosophy: Education is pursued solely as a vehicle for career advancement. The government prioritizes technical fields while neglecting the social sciences, which are the essential keys to developing human consciousness and critical thought.

  2. The Delusion of Competence: Because citizens are required to study "Islam" throughout their academic lives, they are often deluded into believing they have mastered the faith. This prevents the humility required for true learning.

  3. Linguistic Disconnect: The distance from the Arabic language forces the average Pakistani to view their faith through the lens of translations or "isms" borrowed from Western thought. While translations offer glimpses of wisdom, they cannot replicate the transformative power of the Quran’s original linguistic miracle.

The Path Forward: From Jingoism to Tarbiyya

Today, we see a society that often uses Islam to justify a relentless pursuit of materialism. Religious fervor is frequently reduced to jingoistic emotionalism, exploited by a succession of political figures who offer hollow slogans in place of substantive reform.

This disillusionment has led many to quiet apostasy or a total shedding of their religious identity upon migrating to the West. The coupling of "Pakistani-ness" with "Islam" has become so tight that when one fails, the other is often discarded.

The hope for the Pakistani people—and indeed the wider Muslim world—lies in a return to the pristine, unadulterated teachings of the faith. The unnatural wedding of nationalism to religion has yielded unintended consequences that can only be reversed through Tarbiyya (holistic nurturing and reform). Only when a critical mass of individuals undergoes an internal reformation can we hope to see a macro-level shift in the national destiny. Until then, the true struggle remains a personal one: the labor of reforming oneself and those within our immediate reach.

شناخت کے عکس: پاکستانی نفسیات کی ایک جھلک

معمار کا وژن: دین اور ریاست کا سنگم

بیسویں صدی کے اوائل میں، ایک آسٹروی یہودی لیوپولڈ ویس نے ایک روحانی سفر کا آغاز کیا جس کا اختتام ان کے قبولِ اسلام پر ہوا۔ محمد اسد کے نام سے ایک نئی شناخت پانے والی یہ شخصیت نوزائیدہ پاکستانی ریاست کی نظریاتی تعمیر میں ایک کلیدی ستون بن کر ابھری۔ اسد نے قدیم روایات کو جدید طرزِ حکمرانی کے ساتھ ہم آہنگ کرنے کی کوشش کی اور یہ نظریہ پیش کیا کہ پارلیمانی نظام، اسلامی تصورِ 'شوریٰ' کا ایک جدید متبادل ثابت ہو سکتا ہے۔ اپنی معرکۃ الآرا تصنیف "اسلام میں ریاست اور حکومت کے اصول" میں انہوں نے جدید قومی ریاست کو محض ایک سیاسی ضرورت نہیں، بلکہ اسلامی اصولوں کے ایک جائز مظہر کے طور پر ثابت کرنے کی کوشش کی۔

'اوپر سے نیچے' کی غلط فہمی: پسِ منظر اور زمینی حقائق

آج دہائیوں بعد، ماضی کے اس تجربے کا تجزیہ ہمیں ایک گہری فکری غلطی کا پتہ دیتا ہے۔ "پاکستان کا تجربہ" بڑی حد تک یہ ثابت کر چکا ہے کہ ریاستی احکامات کے ذریعے زبردستی دین نافذ کرنے کی کوششیں لاحاصل رہتی ہیں۔ اسلام اپنی فطرت میں نبوی طریقہ کار کے ذریعے پروان چڑھتا ہے؛ یعنی ایک ایسی تبدیلی جو فرد کے دل سے شروع ہوتی ہے اور پھر معاشرے میں سرایت کر جاتی ہے۔

الٰہی ضابطہ اخلاق کی حقیقی پیروی کسی بیوروکریسی کے ذریعے انجینئر نہیں کی جا سکتی، بلکہ یہ اس قوم کا ایک فطری ثمر ہونا چاہیے جس نے اسلام کے پیغام کو اپنے اندر سمو لیا ہو۔ ایک ایسی عوام پر قانونی ڈھانچہ مسلط کرنا جو توحید کے جامع تصور اور اس کے اخلاقی تقاضوں سے ہی ناواقف ہو، ادارہ جاتی زوال اور روحانی بیزاری کا نسخہ ہے۔

محرومی کا نظریہ: 'کمی' کی بنیاد پر بننے والی نفسیات

اسلامی شناخت اور جدید قوم پرستی کے اس عجیب و غریب ملاپ نے ایک منفرد اور اکثر بکھری ہوئی اجتماعی نفسیات کو جنم دیا ہے۔ پرائمری اسکول سے لے کر یونیورسٹی کی سطح تک، ریاست کا منظور شدہ نصاب یعنی مطالعہ پاکستان اور اسلامیات، عقیدے کو قوم پرستی کے ساتھ پیوست کر دیتا ہے۔

یہ تعلیمی ڈھانچہ اکثر اپنی شناخت کی بنیاد "دوسروں کی مخالفت" پر رکھتا ہے۔ جب مسلمانوں کی تاریخ کو محض ایک "غالب گروہ" کے ہاتھوں معاشی اور سماجی محرومی کی داستان بنا کر پیش کیا جاتا ہے، تو ریاست لاشعوری طور پر قومی ذہن میں 'کمی کی ذہنیت' (Scarcity Mentality) بسا دیتی ہے۔ دوسروں سے چھیننے اور صرف "لینے" کی یہ سوچ، جو خود کو ہمیشہ مظلوم سمجھنے سے پیدا ہوتی ہے، درج ذیل مسائل کا سبب بنی ہے:

  • معاشرتی تقسیم: ایک ایسا معاشرہ جو نسلی اور مسلکی گروہوں میں بٹا ہوا ہے، جہاں ہر گروہ سکڑتے ہوئے وسائل میں سے اپنا حصہ چھیننے کی تگ و دو میں ہے۔

  • سماجی تانے بانے کی تباہی: ایک ایسی ثقافت جہاں وراثت کے جھگڑوں اور مادی فائدے کے لیے "بھائی چارے" کو اکثر قربان کر دیا جاتا ہے۔

  • بدعنوانی کا جواز: ایک ایسا ماحول جہاں رشوت، تشدد اور بددیانتی اس قدر عام ہو چکی ہے کہ اب یہ انسانی ضمیر کو جھنجھوڑتی بھی نہیں۔

فکری خلا اور علم کا سرسری لبادہ

اس نظریاتی آمیزش کا سب سے المیہ پہلو انسانی فکر کا جمود ہے۔ اس مسخ شدہ پیراڈائم میں علم کو محض ایک جنس (Commodity) بنا دیا گیا ہے۔

  1. فکری گہرائی پر روزگار کی فوقیت: تعلیم صرف کیریئر بنانے کا ذریعہ بن کر رہ گئی ہے۔ حکومت فنی شعبوں کو تو اہمیت دیتی ہے مگر عمرانی علوم (Social Sciences) کو نظر انداز کر دیتی ہے، جو انسانی شعور اور تنقیدی سوچ کی نشوونما کے لیے لازمی ہیں۔

  2. علم کا زعم: تعلیمی دور میں "اسلامیات" کے لازمی مطالعے کی وجہ سے عام شہری اس غلط فہمی کا شکار ہو جاتا ہے کہ وہ دین کا ماہر ہے۔ یہ زعم اسے اس عاجزی سے محروم کر دیتا ہے جو حقیقی سیکھنے کے لیے ضروری ہے۔

  3. لسانی دوری: عربی زبان سے دوری کی وجہ سے اوسط درجے کا پاکستانی اپنے دین کو ترجموں یا مغربی نظریات (Isms) کے آئینے میں دیکھنے پر مجبور ہے۔ اگرچہ ترجمے حکمت کے موتی فراہم کرتے ہیں، لیکن وہ قرآن کے اصل لسانی معجزے اور اس کی اثر پذیری کا نعم البدل نہیں ہو سکتے۔

راہِ نجات: نعرہ بازی سے تربیت تک

آج ہمیں ایک ایسا معاشرہ نظر آتا ہے جو مادیت پرستی کے حصول کے لیے اکثر اسلام کو بطور جواز استعمال کرتا ہے۔ مذہبی جوش و خروش کو محض جذباتی نعرہ بازی تک محدود کر دیا گیا ہے، جسے سیاسی مہرے اپنے مفاد کے لیے استعمال کرتے ہیں۔

اس صورتحال نے بہت سے لوگوں کو فکری بے راہ روی یا مغرب ہجرت کے بعد اپنی مذہبی شناخت مکمل طور پر ترک کر دینے پر مجبور کر دیا ہے۔ "پاکستانیت" اور "اسلام" کو اس طرح ایک دوسرے کے ساتھ جوڑ دیا گیا ہے کہ جب ایک سے اعتبار اٹھتا ہے تو دوسرا بھی اکثر ہاتھ سے چھوٹ جاتا ہے۔

پاکستانی عوام اور پوری امتِ مسلمہ کے لیے امید کی کرن اسلام کی اصل اور خالص تعلیمات کی طرف واپسی میں پنہاں ہے۔ قوم پرستی اور مذہب کے اس غیر فطری ملاپ نے جو تلخ نتائج پیدا کیے ہیں، انہیں صرف 'تربیت' کے جامع عمل سے ہی بدلا جا سکتا ہے۔ جب تک افراد کی ایک بڑی تعداد کی داخلی اصلاح نہیں ہوتی، تب تک قومی تقدیر میں کسی بڑی تبدیلی کی امید رکھنا عبث ہے۔ اس وقت تک اصل جدوجہد ذاتی ہے: اپنی اور اپنے اردگرد کے لوگوں کی نبوی طریقہ کار کے مطابق اصلاح۔


إطلالة على النفسية الباكستانية: بين طموح الأيديولوجيا وواقع التجزئة

رؤية المعمار: محاولة التوفيق بين الدين والدولة

في مطلع القرن العشرين، بدأ النمساوي ليوبولد فايس رحلة روائية نحو الحقيقة انتهت باعتناقه الإسلام وتسميه باسم محمد أسد. لم يكن أسد مجرد عابر سبيل، بل غدا ركيزة أساسية في صياغة الإطار الأيديولوجي لدولة باكستان الوليدة. حاول أسد جسر الهوة بين التراث والحداثة، معتبراً أن النظام البرلماني المعاصر يمثل التجسيد الحديث لمبدأ "الشورى" الإسلامي. وفي مؤلفه "مبادئ الدولة والحكومة في الإسلام"، سعى بجد لمسح الشرعية على الدولة القومية الحديثة، مصوراً إياها كاستجابة شرعية لمقتضيات الحكم الإسلامي في العصر الراهن.

وهم التغيير الفوقي: عِبَر الماضي ومنهجية الجذور

اليوم، وبفضل القراءة المتأنية للتاريخ، تتبدى لنا هشاشة تلك الفرضية. لقد كشفت "التجربة الباكستانية" عن عبثية محاولة فرض الإسلام من قمة الهرم السياسي إلى قاعدته. فالإسلام، في جوهره، لا يزدهر إلا عبر المنهج النبوي: تغيير يبدأ من الجذور، ويخاطب القلوب قلباً بقلب.

إن الامتثال الحقيقي للشريعة لا يمكن هندسته بيروقراطياً، بل هو نتاج عضوي لمجتمع استبطن رسالة التوحيد وفهم أبعادها الأخلاقية الشاملة. أما محاولة حشو القوانين في حلق أمة تفتقر لوعي شمولي بمفهوم التوحيد، فهي وصفة محققة للإخفاق المؤسساتي والروحي.

"أيديولوجيا الحرمان": نفسية صاغتها الندرة

لقد أنتج هذا الزواج الهجين بين الهوية الإسلامية والدولة القومية الحديثة سيكولوجية فريدة ومنكسرة في آن واحد. فالمناهج التعليمية—من المرحلة الابتدائية وصولاً إلى الجامعة—تدمج الدين بالقومية بشكل قسري عبر مادة "الدراسات الإسلامية والباكستانية".

يغرس هذا النظام التعليمي هوية تقوم على "التضاد"؛ إذ يتم تصوير الوجود الإسلامي كصراع مع "الآخر" للهرب من التهميش الاقتصادي والاجتماعي. هذا التركيز على المظلومية أدى لترسيخ "عقلية الندرة" في العقل الجمعي، وهي عقلية "الآخذ" لا "المعطي"، مما أفرز النتائج التالية:

  • التشرذم المجتمعي: انقسام المجتمع إلى كانتونات عرقية وطائفية تتصارع على موارد شحيحة.

  • تمزق النسيج الاجتماعي: حيث تُضحي قيم الأخوة والمروءة على مذبح المادية والنزاعات الميراثية.

  • تطبيع الرذائل: غدا الغش والرشوة والعنف أموراً روتينية فقدت قدرتها على استفزاز الضمير الجمعي.

الفراغ الفكري وقشور المعرفة

لعل المأساة الكبرى لهذا الخلط الأيديولوجي تكمن في ضمور الفكر البشري، حيث استُحيلت المعرفة إلى مجرد سلعة:

  1. التعليم من أجل التكسب: أصبح التعليم وسيلة لترقية المسار المهني لا غير، مع إهمال متعمد للعلوم الاجتماعية التي تُعد المفتاح الوحيد لتطوير الوعي البشري والتفكير النقدي.

  2. وهم الإحاطة بالعلم: دراسة "الإسلاميات" كمادة إجبارية طوال سنوات الدراسة خلقت لدى المواطن وهماً بأنه قد أحاط بالدين خبراً، مما سلب منه التواضع اللازم للتعلم الحقيقي.

  3. الحاجز اللغوي: إن البعد عن اللغة العربية أجبر الباكستاني على فهم دينه عبر النظريات الغربية (Isms) المكتوبة بالإنجليزية أو عبر الترجمات الأردية. ورغم ما تحمله الترجمات من حكم، إلا أنها لا تغني عن الإعجاز اللغوي للقرآن وأثره المباشر في صياغة العقل والوجدان.

المخرج: من الغوغائية إلى التربية

نحن اليوم أمام مجتمع يستحضر الإسلام لتبرير سعيه المحموم نحو المادية. لقد اختُزل الحماس الديني في غوغائية قومية تستغلها الأنظمة المتعاقبة عبر شعارات جوفاء لا تسمن ولا تغني من جوع.

هذا التشويه دفع الكثيرين نحو الإلحاد الصامت أو التخلي عن هويتهم الدينية بمجرد الهجرة إلى الغرب، فالتلازم القسري بين "الجنسية الباكستانية" و"الإسلام" جعل سقوط أحدهما يؤدي بالضرورة لسقوط الآخر.

إن الأمل يكمن في العودة إلى جوهر الإسلام النقي عبر منهج "التربية" الشامل. إن الزواج غير الفطري بين القومية والدين أنتج تشوهات نفسية لا يمحوها إلا إصلاح داخلي يبدأ بالفرد. ولن نأمل في تغيير على المستوى الكلي ما لم يشرع الفرد في جهاده الأكبر: إصلاح نفسه ومن حوله وفق المنهج النبوي الرصين.


Regards sur la psyché pakistanaise : Entre quête identitaire et fragmentation sociale

La vision de l'architecte : Une synthèse entre foi et État

Au début du XXe siècle, Leopold Weiss, un Juif autrichien, entreprit une odyssée spirituelle qui le conduisit à embrasser l'Islam sous le nom de Muhammad Asad. Figure de proue de la fondation idéologique du Pakistan naissant, Asad chercha à réconcilier la tradition ancestrale avec la gouvernance moderne. Il postula que le système parlementaire pouvait être considéré comme l'équivalent contemporain de la Choura (la consultation mutuelle). Dans son ouvrage, Les principes de l’État et du gouvernement en Islam, il s'efforça de justifier l'existence de l'État-nation moderne non comme une simple nécessité politique, mais comme une expression légitime des principes islamiques.

L'illusion du changement "par le haut" : Les leçons de l'histoire

Avec le recul, l'expérience pakistanaise révèle une faille profonde dans cette hypothèse : la futilité d'imposer l'Islam par décret étatique. Par essence, la foi ne s'épanouit que selon la méthodologie prophétique : une transformation du cœur, partant de l'individu pour rayonner vers la société.

Une véritable éthique religieuse ne peut être le fruit d'une ingénierie bureaucratique ; elle doit être le produit organique d'une population ayant intériorisé le message du Tawhid (monothéisme). Tenter d'imposer un cadre légal rigide à une nation qui méconnaît les implications holistiques de sa propre foi est une recette inévitable pour l'échec institutionnel et la désillusion spirituelle.

L'idéologie de la privation : Une psyché forgée par la pénurie

L'union singulière entre l'identité religieuse et l'État-nation moderne a engendré une psyché collective unique, mais fragmentée. De l'école primaire à l'université, le programme national — « Études islamiques et pakistanaises » — fusionne la foi et le nationalisme dans un récit de survie.

Ce cadre éducatif définit souvent l'identité par l'opposition à « l'autre ». En présentant l'histoire des musulmans comme une lutte perpétuelle contre une privation économique et sociale, l'État a ancré dans l'esprit national une mentalité de pénurie. Cette culture du « prendre » plutôt que du « donner », née d'un sentiment de victimisation, a provoqué :

  • Une fragmentation sociale : Une société divisée en enclaves ethniques et sectaires, luttant pour des ressources de plus en plus rares.

  • Le déchirement du tissu social : Une culture où la fraternité est sacrifiée sur l'autel des querelles d'héritage et des gains matériels.

  • La normalisation de la corruption : Un environnement où la fraude, la violence et le pot-de-vin sont devenus si banals qu'ils ne suscitent plus de réflexe moral.

Le vide intellectuel et le vernis du savoir

La conséquence la plus tragique de ce mélange idéologique est l'atrophie de la pensée critique. Dans ce paradigme déformé, le savoir est réduit à une marchandise :

  1. L'éducation utilitaire : L'apprentissage n'est plus qu'un outil de promotion professionnelle. Les autorités privilégient les filières techniques au détriment des sciences sociales, pourtant indispensables au développement de la conscience humaine.

  2. L'illusion de la compétence : Parce qu'ils étudient « l'Islam » de manière obligatoire durant tout leur cursus, les citoyens sont bercés par l'illusion d'une maîtrise totale de leur religion, ce qui les prive de l'humilité nécessaire au véritable apprentissage.

  3. Le fossé linguistique : La distance vis-à-vis de la langue arabe force le Pakistanais moyen à percevoir sa foi à travers le prisme de concepts occidentaux ou de traductions urdues. Bien que ces traductions offrent des perles de sagesse, elles ne peuvent transmettre la puissance transformative du texte coranique original.

Vers une renaissance : Du jingoïsme à la Tarbiyya

Aujourd'hui, nous observons une société qui instrumentalise souvent l'Islam pour justifier une quête effrénée de matérialisme. La ferveur religieuse est trop souvent réduite à un jingoïsme émotionnel, exploité par une classe politique offrant des slogans creux en guise de réformes.

Cette dérive a conduit de nombreux citoyens au désenchantement, voire à l'abandon de leur identité religieuse lors de leur migration vers l'Occident. Le couplage excessif entre « nationalité pakistanaise » et « foi » fait que l'effondrement de l'une entraîne souvent la perte de l'autre.

L'espoir pour le Pakistan réside dans un retour aux enseignements purs de la foi par le biais de la Tarbiyya (l'éducation et la réforme holistique). Ce n'est que lorsqu'une masse critique d'individus aura accompli cette réforme intérieure que nous pourrons espérer un changement macroscopique. D'ici là, le véritable combat demeure personnel : l'effort de se réformer soi-même et d'élever ceux qui nous entourent selon la sagesse prophétique.

Sunday, January 10, 2016

Holding Onto Hope

It seems almost all there is to life is related to our perception of it. People who have a habit of harboring positive thoughts have a happy life while those who keep complaining, experience bad consequences in life. In the process, they experience difficulties, miseries and depression. This perception has a direct effect on the quality of one’s life. This is a natural law. Indeed Allah (SWT) says in a Hadith Qudsi:

Allah the Most High said, ‘I am as My servant thinks (expects) I am. I am with him when he mentions Me. If he mentions Me to himself, I mention him to Myself; and if he mentions Me in an assembly, I mention him in an assembly greater than it. If he draws near to Me a hand’s length, I draw near to him an arm’s length. And if he comes to Me walking, I go to him at speed’

One of the scholars once advised: “if you see someone carrying many glasses in a tray in an unbalanced fashion, do not even say that the glasses will fall. Indeed if you do so they will certainly fall.”

The Prophet’s (SWAS) life is full of so many events in which having hope seemed so incredibly difficult. The changes of things going his way were so small, yet time and again he never lost hope or became depressed. On the outskirts of Makkah when they were just about to be caught outside the cave of Thawr he reassured Abu Bakr (RA):

“If you do not aid the Prophet - Allah has already aided him when those who disbelieved had driven him out [of Makkah] as one of two, when they were in the cave and he said to his companion, "Do not grieve; indeed Allah is with us." And Allah sent down his tranquility upon him and supported him with angels you did not see and made the word of those who disbelieved the lowest, while the word of Allah - that is the highest. And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise” (9:40)

Indeed optimism was a prominent characteristic of his personality. He has been reported to have said:

“O son of Adam! You are free to choose from what befalls you in your life, between despair and hope, pessimism and optimism. However, you shall find your hope and optimism with Allah, and your despair and pessimism with Satan, 'in order that he may cause grief to the believers. But he cannot harm them in the least, except as Allah permits' [Al-Mujdilah: 10].” (Bukhari and Muslim). 

Certainly, having good positive thoughts and good opinion about Allah is a form of worship. He (SWAS) said:

“Hoping for good is also an act of worship of Allah” (Tirmidhi and Hakim).

Regarding persisting with patience in difficult times, he (SWAS) is reported to have said:

“Whoever abstains from asking others, Allah will make him contented, and whoever tries to make 
himself self-sufficient, Allah will make him self-sufficient. And whoever remains patient, Allah will make him patient. Nobody can be given a blessing better and greater than patience” (Bukhari).

As we approach the end of times, the global news seems sadder by the day. Life seems to get harder and harder. With a loss of human values in modern societies, crime, violence, indecency, etc. keeps increasing. Our younger generation faces challenges that we never dreamed about. Despite all the atmosphere of negativity, we must not give into complaining for indeed if we take the time to reflect deeply we will realize that despite all these problems we enjoy countless blessings.

Try to reflect and write down only 3 things in your diary that you should give thanks about for that day on a daily basis. If you do this exercise persistently, your outlook, health, the quality of your life and the events that will proceed from it will all improve. Countless scientific experiments in the field of Positive Psychology have shown this to be true. See http://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/in-praise-of-gratitude

Remove all negatives from your life. Stop listening and paying attention to those who only complain. Trash your TV as even watching the news every day is a recipe for chronic depression these days. Replace them with positives. Volunteer in activities with group of people who are improving the condition of humanity. Be with those who are positive and their positivity will affect you.

Know that having good hopes is a natural medicine to a fulfilled and happy life. You have the power as to what attitude you adopt. Be positive. Allah (SWT) loves positive people who are engaged in constructive activity and do not have time for negativity. Engage in exercises that build gratitude. It has shown to have amazing therapeutic value. Be with positive people and cut off all avenues of negativity from your lives. 

Wednesday, December 16, 2015

Sharpening the Saw

Our daily routine defines what we are, what we think and what we will do in the future. Often we grow up with a societal narrative as to what we are supposed to accomplish in our lives. For most of us, it is what our parents, media, friends, community, school, university, workplace and country has ingrained in our thinking. As we progress in life the stereotypical societal expectations are enhanced and reinforced, without us ever taking time out to think why we are doing what we are doing in our lives.

Some consider this a modern phenomenon, but the truth of the matter is that it has been going on throughout history.  Many great men came to a point in their lives where they questioned the prevalent mores, values, beliefs and customs of their societies. The Prophet (SWAS) took time out to meditate in the wilderness before divine revelation descended upon him. Even those who have been trained into the religious sciences and have accomplished great stature, come to a point where they seek to understand basic assumptions in life.

This happened to Imam Al Ghazzali as well. As the Principal of the top center of learning of his time – the Nizamiyya of Baghdad -- he had reached the pinnacle of his professional career. He had mastered, at least externally, what was known of the religious sciences. He was an eloquent orator and an articulate debater of religious doctrine. Nevertheless, he experienced a time when he was dumbfounded at the essential meaning and purpose of his life. He did not understand why he was doing what he was doing. After extended periods of confusion and internal turmoil he took the bold decision to give up all he had – his career, position, wealth, reputation, family, city, etc. He set out to live a life of a wandering ascetic. He spent years in ignominy undergoing deep contemplation, dhikr, spiritual exercises, etc. This experience transformed him. He used the spiritual experiences he underwent to document the inner insights from the meaning of the external Sharia that he was trained in his youth. After years of solitude, he emerged into society to teach the kernels of truths he had discovered -- some of which he documented in his Magnum Opum, Ihyaa Uloom Uddeen (The Revival of the Religious Sciences). His explanation of Islam transformed it from rituals of external fossilized customs to a meaningful transformative internal agent for positive change.

Modern professors take a sabbatical from their daily research and teaching. This has shown to add essential depth and meaning in their vision. Modern day Muslims are eager to excel in their education and career. Have they considered taking a sabbatical from their daily routine to enhance their perspective of Reality? As witnesses onto humanity, Muslims have higher goals than to just earn a living. To play their part out sincerely, they need a deeper understanding of the world and this life than the common people of other faiths.

Ideal periods to achieve this is at key crossroads in life: after graduating from high school or university, after establishing yourself in your career, after marriage, etc. It is important that one tries to broaden one’s understanding at a stage in life which would allow him/her to contribute in life later on. Most people undergo such changes after retirement only to prepare for death.

Freeing oneself of the luxuries of life makes one independent of many needs which chains many people into inaction and a compromised life. Try living without your cell phone, the internet, a soft bed, rich food, television, support from family and friends. Someone who undergoes such experiences does not fear deprivation. Their eyes are always fixed on more meaningful goals and they are able to sustain almost all circumstances in life. The only thing that should not be compromised in the ability to practice the deen, a simple but clean environment and access to quality Islamic education.

As parents, we should expose our children to tough circumstances as well and arrange such spiritual retreats for them from an earlier age; whether they be in the form of Muslim scout camps, long weekend Muslim youth retreats, hiking trips, voluntary fasts, etc. Once they are old enough we should encourage our children to enroll in study abroad programs to third world countries, volunteer programs like Muslim Peace Corps and study Islam formally with traditional scholars in the Muslim world.

We need a generation of insightful Muslims, like Imam Al Ghazzali, who are completely in tune with their religion and also capable of providing insightful solutions to the deficiencies of the Modern World.

Sunday, November 1, 2015

Ways to Seek Righteous Companionship

1.       Visit Masajid Daily
For men, the masjid is a place they visit several times a day. They tend to pray with the same people on a daily basis for extended periods. With time, they get to observe the congregation and unconsciously get to know their habits, behaviors, likes and dislikes, strengths and weakness, etc. Thus the local masjid is a fertile ground to seek righteous companionship. The imam is often someone who has studied the deen for many years and as a public figure is living what he preaches. Befriending him is important to one’s development.

2.       Do Good Deeds Collectively
People cooperate with each other to carry out amaal as saleh in society. Good works come in a whole spectrum of initiatives whether it be building a masjid, donating an organ, drilling a well, financing an ambulance, setting up a soup kitchen or standing up to injustice. People who share a vision and are motivated to spend resources to improve society are certainly one’s you should associate with often. Perhaps the best work is doing dawah and there are ample opportunities to learn and teach your dawah companions. Similarly, I have observed that the people one does Umrah and Hajj with become lifelong friends. How often it happens that one meets such an individual in one’s city’s masjid and reminisce about the spiritual journey they undertook together.

3.       Seek Religious Knowledge in Groups
The status of a scholar is much higher than that of a worshiper. Those who teach and learn religious knowledge together develop deep bonds of brotherhood. Their interest in knowledge for Allah’s sake attests to their piety. They are struggling to develop good characters and manners. Who would not like to be in such company?

4.       Get Married for the Deen
One spends most of one’s life with one’s immediate family, so it is vital to ensure that they are righteous. Marrying a righteous spouse and having good in-laws is critical to enjoy beneficial lifelong companionship. When one has children one focuses on their proper tarbiyya. Establishing a daily family study circle brings blessings in a home. It makes it a visiting place for angels and a nurturing ground for righteousness. Such a home can be a virtual masjid. By inviting good people to it, one strengthens bonds with righteous family friends.

5.       Socialize Through Your Parents & Progeny

After one reaches a certain age, one’s parents become like friends. They genuinely wish the best for their progeny and know them inside out so they can be a good source of council and companionship. Similarly righteous friends of one’s parents who had beneficial impact on your upbringing can be a source of wisdom and advice. Just as one should befriend one’s parents, one should be one’s kids’ best friends as well and in turn seek good company for them. Their Islamic school friends can be ours as well. Other parents who enroll their children in Islamic schools have similar goals and concerns as ourselves. They can be excellent companions. Lastly one’s children’s teachers have the best interest in mind for our families. Their companionship is equally valuable.

The Reality of Halloween

Background
Halloween is a Christianized version of the pagan Celtic festival called Samhain – named after their god of the dead. It celebrated the Day of the Dead which happened to be the last day of their calendar and the end of summer – October 31. On this night spirits of the dead were supposed to visit the earth and their priests (Druids) would try to appease Samhain by sacrificing crop and animals in bonfires. The Druids were believed to talk to the dead spirits who helped them foretell the future. This helped give hope to people during the long, dark and cold winters.

In the AD 800s, Pope Bonifice IV changed this pagan festival and made November 1 All Saint’s Day or All Hallow’s (Holy) Day – a day in which they remembered all the Christians who died for their faith. The night before was called All Hallow’s Eve which became Halloween.

Origin of Halloween Traditions
The Halloween costume is worn because in the past it was meant so that the spirits of the dead who were roaming the earth would not recognize people who would disguise themselves as one of them.

The Druids would go from house to house demanding specific food to offer to the spirits in order to calm them. If their demands were met the household would be prosperous. If not they would suffer misfortune. This is the origin of “trick or treat”.

A Celtic legend described a man called Jack who enjoyed tricking the Devil. After his death, his spirit had to wander the earth carrying a lantern to show him the way. Pumpkins with candles represented his lantern – Jack o’ lantern. They were also supposed to scare spirits away hence odd looking faces were carved on them.

Halloween Today
Every year people spend billions on candy and costume. A survey in 2005 found about $3.29 billion was spent on Halloween ten years ago. Contrast this with the United Nations World Food Program stats:
-         
      More than 800 million people go to bed without food everyday
-          One child dies every 5 seconds in the world from hunger

Today, many Satan worshippers and occult groups ritualistically recognize Halloween as the Devil’s Day.
Over 60% of costumes are sold to adults who become outrageous exhibitionists.

The Islamic Perspective on Halloween
Islam is against following pagan, superstition and idolatrous practices of old.

“We have sent them the truth, but they indeed practice falsehood” (Quran 23:90)

The Quran says that magic harms and brings no benefit (Quran 2:102).

As Muslims, we must cling to the Sunnah of the Prophet (SWAS) as our way of life and deny all invented matters.

“You must keep my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the Rightly Guided Caliphs; cling to it firmly. Beware of newly invented matters, for every new matter is innovation and every innovation is misleading” (Bukhari)

The Prophet (SWAS) warned his Ummah, not to follow the practices of other nations.

“The final hour will not come until my followers copy the deeds of the previous nations and follow them very closely, span by span and cubit by cubit” (Bukhari)

“Whoever imitates a nation is one of them” (Abu Dawud)

What Should We Do on Halloween?
·         Educate ourselves and others about the reality of Halloween
·         Refrain from belief in any superstition of Halloween
·         Avoid supporting Halloween customs by not buying costumes, decorations and candies
·         Refrain from participating in any Halloween ritual including trick or treat, Halloween parties, etc.
o   Not handing out treats to other children; instead, keep the porch lights off and do not open the door
o   One could instead put a box holder with pamphlets describing the reality of Halloween.

Shaykh Abdullah Hakim Quick’s Advice to Muslims on Halloween
·         Avoid it. It’s a night of evil. Satan is our open enemy and we do not play with evil.
·         Trick or treating is really kids begging for candy. Prophet Muhammad (SWAS) disliked and discouraged begging.
·         Remember, some Satanic movements have engaged in dangerous acts, like rape and kidnapping on Halloween.

·         Despite our position regarding this holiday, we must respect the right of those who believe it is a part of their religion or consider it to be just a little fun.

Sunday, April 26, 2015

Ways to Win Work

1.      Know Yourself
Job seekers often overlook the importance of self-realization in strategizing their career. It is vital that you know your personality type and know what you want in life. (Research Myers-Briggs personality test online). A clear vision as to what really matters to you is a pre-requisite for a successful job search. A Muslim should have no doubts as to what his Creator wants from him and how he should deliver. He is well aware of his special strengths and weaknesses. He exerts extra effort to embed his career in the larger Islamic program that he strives for. With this self-knowledge, he knows which industry he should target.
 
2.      Know Your Market
Armed with a personal vision, the career aspirant needs to learn about that industry. The wealth of resources available on the internet make research easy. Social media like LinkedIn and Twitter are excellent research and networking tools. The role of face-to-face research should never be discounted. By short-listing prominent organizations and requesting 15-30 minutes information interviews from them, you not only learn much about the industry but also leave a good impression on its professionals. This research further refines the particular market niche which you can thrive in.
 
3.      Help and be Helped
Armed with this knowledge, what you need is an experienced mentor working in that particular niche. There are many people out there you will give you contradicting advice, but the advice you should seek is of this mentor. Networking is perhaps the greatest tool for a successful job search. You should join your professional organization. Conferences, industry socials and seminars provide ample networking opportunities. For a Muslim, praying in the masjid regularly can be an excellent source of networking. It is important that you never blatantly ask others for work. Not only is this a big put off but is not befitting for a Muslim. Rather your focus should be on providing services by writing articles for your companies of interest in professional publications, volunteering, organizing projects in your professional organization, helping others seeking work, as well as giving relatives and friends good and sincere advice.

4.      Stay Positive, Patient & Persistent
Searching for work is a full-time work and should be planned and executed professionally. Positivity is a contagious attitude. It helps you synergize with positive people and positive natural forces around you. Understand that you will only get your dream job when Allah wants you to have it. So it is vital to be patient and maintain a positive attitude. A Muslim is proactive, persistent, organized and focused and develops complete tawakkul on Allah in the pursuit of His rizq.
 

5.      Increase in Islamic Knowledge & Practice
A Muslim is constantly learning and practicing his deen, especially in this sensitive phase of his life. Not only does he establish prayer in the masjid, but he daily prays Qiyaamul Lail beseeching Allah privately in a time when supplications are accepted. By attending a weekly Islamic class, he keeps polishing his vision of reality. He gives regular charity even if it is a small amount. Islamic knowledge anchors him in constantly striving both for the dunya AND the aakhriah such that he does not forget his greater Islamic mission once he eventually finds suitable work.

Tuesday, January 13, 2015

The Social Impact of Borrowed Living

The one-world materialistic consumer culture that is deliberately being promoted throughout the globe is affecting us. We are falling in to the trap of living a lifestyle based on loans. House loans, car loans, education loans, investment loans, credit cards, digital money, money borrowed from friends and family; all this is affecting us, our families and our society is a negative manner. Let us study the impact of borrowed living and look at some ways to counter it.

Responsible borrowing may sometimes be inevitable. The Prophet (SWAS) borrowed from a Jew. The problem is in living out the lifestyle of borrowed living which is being promoted nowadays. Most such transactions are based on riba and are a never ending vicious cycle which is intended to trap the borrower, affecting him, his family and the whole society.

The primary impact of borrowing is on the borrower. It affects his character. He becomes prone to lying, deceiving, making false promises, cheating and easily falls to corruption in trying to pay back his monthly installments to his creditors; his relations with whom become bad. They say if you want to destroy your friendship, borrow from a friend. Such a person becomes hated in society. People curse him for not paying back in time. He becomes lonely and in extreme situations become extremely depressed and suicidal.

Such people are prone to be led away from truth and reality. They live in the artificial world of advertisements, movies, music and perpetual entertainment which help them find comfort in avoiding focusing on their problems. They develop a mentality of constantly acquiring things rather than taking care of the weak. They look down on others who apparently have less than them and as they do not give zakaat (due to their loans); the poor become envious of them. Having easy access to loans means that often the borrower is not forced to develop good work ethics, enterprise, planning, accountability, responsibility, innovation, reform, service, learning and vision in his work. All this promotes a hollow ostentatious lifestyle deprived of any meaning, spirituality or wisdom. 

A person living such a lifestyle is deprived of all blessings as his transactions are based on riba which Allah (SWT) has promised to make devoid of any blessings. He is living a wasteful life and Allah (SWT) calls such spendthrifts as "brothers of Shaytan". The borrower's relationship with Allah (SWT) becomes weak as he begins to fear people and the future instead of Him (SWT). He always feels guilty and unsatisfied with life leading to addictions trying to find an escape from his predicament. This weak relationship with Allah (SWT) causes bad relations with those around him. He starts perceiving his family, colleagues, neighbors, friends, relatives, etc. as new potential creditors to prolong the pressures of his financial problems.

As ameer of the family a man is supposed to provide halal income, protection and good tarbiyya for those under his authority. All these become difficult for a borrower. His family becomes addicted to the easy life and their demands increase day by day. Consequently this leads to family problems and misunderstandings. The children learn the destructive character traits that come with borrowed living from a young age from their parents.

A society in which the majority of people are trapped into such a malady develops serious social problems. They destroy its very fabric, leading to deceit, thefts, violence, crime, killings, addictions, increase in materialism, loss of spirituality, etc. People become only concerned with competing with each other to acquire things and live out enviable fashions and trends. They lose all meaning in life and live out hollow lifestyles of the celebrities they watch on mainstream media. At a macro level even governments sell their independence through financial enslavement which affects millions of citizens.

The solution to these maladies is to not get trapped in the first place. Try not to take any loan ever if you can help it. Instead of a credit card, use cash or at least a debit card. If credit cards are unavoidable you can ask your bank to automatically pay the monthly balance from your account. The best cure is to change your lifestyle and live within your means. Instead of living a materialistic lifestyle, adopt a spiritual one. Engage in learning and teaching rather than shopping and partying. Adopt the Sunnah in your daily routine.

Realize that the Prophet (SWAS) called the market the worst place and the masjid the best. When you enter the market recite the dua for it. When you do go out for shopping always make a list before leaving the house. Only buy the items on the list. Do it like a chore on fixed times on a weekly basis, not like an outing or entertainment which the mall culture these days promote. Spend the least amount of time possible shopping. Do it without the wife and kids and after a meal. If you can help it, do not visit the market in between your weekly trips.

Make priorities for spending, e.g. you may decide to spend on charity, learning and health while cutting spending in other areas. Engage in free entertainment like going to parks and beaches instead of going to movies and malls. Eat at home by asking your wife to learn to home cook your children's favorite fast foods like donuts, cookies, cakes and pizzas. Buy off season clothing. Do your Eid shopping months in advance before the prices rise. Go on vacations locally instead of going to faraway places.

The Prophet (SWAS) refused to pray janaza for those who had outstanding loans. Even halal loans are not encouraged due to all the reasons cited above. Today’s social architects promote borrowed living. They aim to keep the general public deluded and entrapped so that they keep earning and prospering at their expense. As practicing Muslims, we should see through their schemes and neutralize them. Borrowed living does not only affect the individual, but also the family and society. The wise thing to do is to resolve to live within your means by adopting a simple Sunnah lifestyle with known priority areas for spending. A slave of Allah (SWT) will not rest until he frees himself from all other forms of enslavement, including financial.

Monday, January 12, 2015

Lead O Ameer!

Men are 'qawwam' of women by [right of] what Allah has given one over the other and what they spend [for maintenance] from their wealth. So righteous women are devoutly obedient, guarding in [the husband's] absence what Allah would have them guard. But those [wives] from whom you fear arrogance - [first] advise them; [then if they persist], forsake them in bed; and [finally], strike them. But if they obey you [once more], seek no means against them. Indeed, Allah is ever Exalted and Grand. (An Nisa 4:24)

Allah (SWT) says that men are qawwam of women. The word qawwam is derived from the Arabic verb qaama/uqeemu which means to stand. Qawwam is an exaggerated/excessive form which indicated constant standing.  Just as a bodygaurd continuously stands gaurding a VIP, the man of the family is supposed to watch over and protect the women of the household. The verse above explains that he is given this function because of the fact that it is he who is required to spend his wealth on them for their maintenance. When one spends on someone continuously, it is natural that he will protect them from all dangers. He will empathize with them and will be inclined to manage their affairs with their best interest in mind.

The applied meaning of qawwam thus encompasses a range of responsibilities of the man which include financially providing for them, protecting them, empathizing with them, understanding them, managing their affairs, making decisions that affect them after proper consultation with them, providing the space and opportunities for the constant learning and growth as well as catering to their every physical, psychological, emotional, spiritual, educational and financial need. In short his role is that of an enabler of success of all members of the household. In order for him to successfully carry out all these responsibilities he has been granted the leadership role of an ameer of the family.

Abdullah bin Umar reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Every one of you is a shepherd and is responsible for his flock. The leader of the people is a guardian and is responsible for his subjects: a man is the guardian of his family and is responsible for his subjects, a woman is the guardian of her husband’s home and of his children and is responsible for them, and the slave of a man is a guardian of his master’s property and is responsible for it. Surely, everyone of you is a shepherd and responsible for his flock.” (Bukhari & Muslim)

It is apparent from the above hadith that every group of people should have a leader for its proper function. It is not possible for a group to have two leaders or else chaos will ensue. Thus for a family unit, Allah (SWT) in His infinite wisdom has chosen the men to lead. It does not matter how weak the man is or how less he earns with respect to the wife, he is supposed to be ultimately responsible for all family members.

This does not mean that the man of the house is a dictator and does make his decisions based on shoora (consultation) of all his family members. It does not mean that he is to be feared by those under him; nor that he is an enforcer of decadent cultural restrictions that have little to do with Islam. Rather, the husband should study the Prophet's (SWAS) Seerah deeply to help him improve his leadership skills. To help support the husband, wives are required to be obedient to the husband as stated in the above verse. It is worth noting here that their obedience is first to Allah (SWT), then to the Prophet (SWAS) and only then to the husband, so if the husband makes demands against the commands of Allah (SWT) and His Prophet (SWAS) she should decline to be obedient.

Part of the responsibility of the ameer is to engender leadership skills in those under him. The primary manner to do so is to first be good role models themselves. Children may be trained to accept more responsibilities at a young age, e.g. they can be asked to take care of their pets, or be the captain of their school cricket team or lead be the imam at home, leading their siblings and cousins in salaat or baby sitting their siblings while the parents are away. Leadership skills can be formally be learnt in a Boy Scouts / Girl Guides troop. The key element in making the next generation future ameers of their families and societies is to make them feel emphatic to others. This can be done by engaging them in charitable services for those less fortunate than them. Lastly, by providing them comprehensive Islamic knowledge, parents would help them understand the roles required for them to carry out as young adults. The guidance from the examples of the Prophet (SWAS) and his Companions (RA) are invaluable in this respect.

Men are made responsible for a gamut of needs for their family members and hence are given leadership roles by Islam. Like everyone under a leader, wives are required to help the leader by being obedient to him, provided nothing is being demanded against Islamic principles. The man of the family should consult with his family and do everything that is in their best interest. He should use his position responsibly to help all family members develop themselves. He should not misuse the privilege of leadership he is given. He is responsible to pass on good leadership skills to their offsprings so that they become exemplary ameers themselves in the future.