Tuesday, May 8, 2012

The Travels of Ibn Battutah

I recently read a book on the travels of Ibn Batutah (http://www.amazon.com/The-Travels-Ibn-Battutah/dp/0330418793/ref=pd_sim_b_1). It is an English translation of the orignial Arabic work -- Al Rihla. What people don't know about Ibn Battutah is that he was no ordinary traveler -- he was a scholar of Islam and his first trip was for Hajj. He worked 6 years as a qadi (judge) in Delhi for the Sultan. The book has a lot of information about cultural practises in the mid 1300s.

It is refreshing to look at the world that is intact from the materialism so pervasive these days. Nevertheless, even then there were a lot of non-Islamic traditional practises in Muslim lands. Some of those practises are still prevalent.

Practices that were interesting from that era include:

1. eating "paan" (betel leaf)

2. charphoi (indian bed)

3. ways of eating mangoes

4. preserving and eating pickles

5. the word "Maulana" being used for a religious scholar in India back then

6. the amount of real wealth and its easy distribution. e.g. the ruler of Delhi used to shower the road with catapults of gold & silver coins when he entered the city.

7. using Jinns for supernatural acts - e.g. levitation, etc.

8. use of "cowries" (a type of seashell) as currency (as in "phooTi cowRi")

9. penetration of Muslim in non-Muslim lands (India, China, SE Asia, Aftrica) achieved back then. Has not changed much till today.

10. the use of "funduqs" (hotels) by travelers in China.

...

You can learn much about the man and his trips (with maps) here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Battuta

Home Schooling: Nurturing the Fitrah

"Every child is born on Fitrah (natural disposition; or true faith of Islam to worship none but Allah) till his tongue expresses him (i.e. express his creed), thus his parents make him a Jew or a Christian or a Magian." [related by Al-Bayhaqy and Al-Tabarany in Al-Mu`jam Al-Kabir].

Unlike the classical Christian doctrine that every child born in this world is tainted with the Original Sin of Adam (AS), Muslims believe that children are born pure and sin-less. Inherently the seeds of gnosis of their Lord have already been sown in their souls.

{ And (remember) when your Lord brought forth from the children of Adam, from their loins, their seed and made them testify as to themselves (saying): "Am I not your Lord?" They said: "Yes! We testify," lest you should say on the Day of Resurrection: "Verily, we have been unaware of this."} (Al-A`raf 7:172)

It is the duty of the parents to nourish and mould natural abilities and interests their child is gifted with to help fully realize the purpose of human existence – to “know” his Lord.

Knowledge has two sources: this world and that world. That from the former is to be examined through creative intellect and natural/scientific inquiry; the latter through divine revelations. It is important that the pursuit of the former type of knowledge does not marginalize the latter. The end product of a balanced complementing acquisition of the two types of knowledge is a human being who is ready to realize his true destiny i.e. to become al insaan al kamil – a complete (exemplary) human being.

Mainstream school education has different objectives for your child -- one being to earn a “good” livelihood. This objective supersedes other factors and creates an imbalanced individual too narrowly focused on his own economic well being. The knowledge of “that world” if at all offered is often at a lower priority and not integrated with the rest of the curriculum – often grafted poorly as an after thought.

Another covert goal of systemized education is for the individual to conform to the objectives of the one world consumer culture that is deliberately being spread globally. Once the individual goes through this system of education his fitrah will be manipulated to accept homosexuality, marriage-free partnerships, the supremacy of instant individual gratification as a lifestyle, secular thought, evolution as a doctrine, exploitation-based economy, etc. Mass education generally produces mediocre individuals good enough to work in their little niches in the machinery of global exploitation. They are usually so busy pursuing their individual little wants that they become incapable or unwilling to question the global order in which they fit-in so nicely.

Among other things, home schooling is a step in liberating your child from the global god-less world culture through nurturing what they have been bestowed with. By remembering where they came from, their purpose in life and their ultimate destiny, your child will have the ability to solve real problems by thinking holistically, free from the then prevalent models of deception.

Faith & Reason

Latest scientific research done in the West indicates that analytical thinking extinguishes faith. (http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=losing-your-religion-analytic-thinking-can-undermine-belief). At first, someone who reads such results might think that there is no place of reason in faith. So it is important to investigate the real role of reason in faith in Islamic epistemology (theory of knowledge).

First, it is important to realize that the origin of knowledge is Allah (SWT) Himself - Al Aleem.

"Behold, your Lord said to the angels: I will create a viceregent on earth. They said: Will you place therein one who will make mischief and shed blood? While we do celebrate your praise and glorify your holy name. He said: I know what you know not" (Surah Baqarah V. 30).

"And He taught Adam the nature of all things, then placed them before the angels and said: Tell me the nature of these if you are right" (Surah Baqarah V. 31)

"They said: Glory to You of knowledge we have none, save what You have taught us. In truth it is You who are perfect in knowledge and wisdom" (Surah Baqarah V. 32)

Allah (SWT) gave humans the capacity to pursue knowledge by themselves. He (SWT) taught Adam the "names" of things, implying he gave him reason to pursue independent knowledge. While other religions might be anti-reason, Islam is pro-reason. The Quran mentions those who use their reason and those that do not and compares them to the living and the dead or the seeing and the blind.

"Is then who does know that which has been revealed onto you from your Lord is the Truth like one who is blind? Is those who are endued with understanding that receive admonition" (Surah Raad V. 19)

In fact, reason is so important that the Prophet (SWAS) made the pursuance of knowledge obligatory on all Muslims -- male and female. The purpose of knowledge is to know Allah (SWT), while that of reason is to help one to come to the Truth. It is important to know the limitations of reason. Reason is not infallible, thus when a someone realizes that Islam is the Truth, he must submit to all of it, whether he completely understands it or not. In Western secular thought reason sits in judgement over the Truth, while in Islam reason is supposed to take you to the Truth and increase you in faith.

"Behold! Abraham said: My Lord! Show me how you give life to the dead. He said: Do you not then believe? He said: Yes! But to satisfy my understanding. He said: Take four birds, tame them to turn to you . Put a "portion" of them in every hill and call to them. They will come to you with speed. Then know that Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise" (Surah Baqarah V. 260)

Thus Islam is not a religion of blind faith. Having submitted to the Truth, one has the right to use reason in the path to understand things. A Muslim will develop an insight in to the Truth. His farasa (Islamic intuition) will make him penetrate the mysteries of this life.

We must realize that the research cited in the beginning of this article was done in the Western world with mostly Christian subjects. There are many illogical concepts in Christianity like the Trinity and Original Sin. Thus if someone uses his reason he will realize the contractions of the Church doctrine and lose his faith. The very opposite is true in Islamic epistemology.

Values at the Workplace

A lot of us spend a large fraction of our most productive waking hours at work. For many, work influences their whole personality. One cannot implement a personal agenda to improve oneself without taking the time to think about the values one brings to one's workplace.

Perhaps the primary factors for consideration should be the choice of work and the choice of the organization where one will do the work. Work should not be one that is against the principles of Islam, nor should it be harming Muslims. The company's mission and vision statements should be aligned with yours. One should be careful in this regards because the covert mission of most businesses is just to make profits, despite the consequences. No matter how lucrative or high the position, if it does help you fulfill your destiny to be the complete human being you were intended to become, it does not deserve your consideration. Ideally the position should require you to develop in areas of your interest and background, using skills that you know are your strengths. Most importantly, your job should fit well in the larger canvas of your being and should not be a source of discontinuity to your personality, i.e. you should be the same person at work as you are at home.

Some Muslims emphasize only the importance of rituals. According to them to be a good Muslim one should never miss their salaat, yet they do not realize that work can also be a form of worshiping their Lord. A Muslim must be good at what he does. He should strive for perfection - not because he will get a good performance rating at the end of the year, nor because of that performance related bonus, nor for the salary increment, nor for the eligibility of a promotion, nor to be called a "genius" in front of managers and colleagues, but because he is worshiping his Lord. Worship requires striving for purity of intention and perfection of action. It is from this motivation, that a Muslim keeps learning new things at work, brings innovation at his job, reads extensively about his industry and relates it to his work. He strives to become a true professional in his field.

Another aspect of work is the interpersonal relations one develops with colleagues. Some people play games and tricks to get ahead. To them personal advancement justifies almost everything as long as it is in accordance with company policy. To a Muslim, hurting others and not fulfilling their rights properly is a shortcoming. He knows that the heaviest thing on his scales on Judgement Day will be the good manners he cultivated with in dealing fairly with others. One should take advantage of the diversity at the workplace to learn about different cultures and befriend them and not develop a communal mentality and deal only with one's countrymen. When someone deals well with everyone as a basis of such personal values, he will see blessings in his actions as his colleagues will become inclined to him and he will discover new opportunities through them -- and we don't know which relationship will reap maximum benefits.

If you follow the proper ethics at work, you will not have to chase after new opportunities, but the opportunities will always chase you.

The Extended Family

There is a Nigerian proverb that says "it takes a whole village to raise a child". Clearly pre-globalized traditional societies emphasized the role of the extended family in society. Unfortunately this role has diminished greatly, so much so that today the extended family members are strangers. Your child may not even ever meet your first cousins and their families in their whole lives -- something that was unthinkable not too long ago.


Even in the West, the extended family had a large role to play as evidenced by historical evidence. Just look at the way of life depicted in "The Waltons" or "The Little House on the Prairie". After the Second World War, focus shifted from the extended family to the nuclear family and after the Sexual Revolution of the 60s, it shifted from nuclear family to single mother households. In the 80s, the concept of the family started to changed to accept homosexual couples. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, since the 90s, there is a deliberate effort to export these values to the whole world in George Bush Senior's "New World Order". This is the culmination of ideal family structure that the West is offering the world.

I was walking with a local Pashtun guide by the dirt road after visiting the Buddhist ruins of Takht Bahi near Mardan, when from other side of the road we saw an old man approach us in rags. I asked the guide about such people in Pashtun villages and he told me that these are the people who do not have relatives. Indeed the Prophet of Allah (SWAS) has advised us to upkeep our ties of kinship to increase blessings in our provision. That day I saw this wisdom in action first hand.

There is tremendous blessings in the extended family system. You get to interact with those who have similar (yet different) background to yours and see them develop throughout their lives, in different situation and circumstances. This makes you think and understand your society better and increases you in emaan as you see the principles of life act on subjects who you understand well. It gives you a better insight where your came from and who you are. It is said that one who does not understand himself, can not truly understand the world. Thus upholding ties of kinship provides you further opportunities to contextualize your existence. The best thing is that all this happens without much effort as our hearts are naturally inclined to associate with our extended family members.

In the past important decisions always were taken after consultation with the extended family, whether it was a marriage proposal, a job offer, a career choice or a choice of name for a newborn. It was important to seek every one's opinion and consider it seriously. People used to have more tolerance and acceptance of each other, even when they had to sometimes tolerate bad behavior from each others.

Nature is made up of graduated spheres of privacy, so much so that the object-oriented computer programming paradigm that is used to model it has different scopes for different objects depending on their privacy settings. Some object classes are strictly "private". No other class can access their members. This is like the privacy one has with one's nuclear family. Some objects classes are "protected". Certain other classes (those inherited from it) can have access to its members. This is like the privacy one has with one's extended family. While some are "public" and allow full access to everyone, i.e. all of society. In reality for a Muslim, there are so many more levels -- that with one's Lord, one's spouse, one's nuclear family, one's milk siblings, one's extended family, one's tribe, one's community, one's neighborhood, one's colleagues, one's city, one's province, one's nation, other Muslims and the whole of humanity. There is an important role in every social sphere and one should not neglect any. Thus we are bound to fulfill the rights of our extended family members. Not doing so creates a unbridgeable void in one's life and personality.

Do not cut off relations with your extended family if you wish to live a balanced and wholesome life.

Fi Kulli Haraka Baraka

There is an Arabic saying "fi kulli haraka baraka" which means there is blessing in action (travel). The Quran urges the listener to travel in the earth. It states that those that leave their homes are better than the sedentary. The Sahaba (RA) travelled widely so much so that today their graves are found thousands of kilometers from their places of birth - sometimes in different continents! This was in a time when modes of travel were not very advanced nor routes were safe. Hajj and jihad both involves travel. In Islamic tradition, we know that the supplication of travellers are more likely to be accepted. So what is this mysterious blessing in travel?


When one leaves ones home, one is practising tawakul (dependence) on Allah (SWT). One is exposing oneself to the unknown, to discomfort; disrupting one's normal routine one is so used to; perhaps suspending one's regular income; perhaps leaving one's family and friends to accept the company of strangers. In such a situation, the traveler has no recourse but to rely solely on Allah (SWT) and hence becomes closer to Him.

A traveler is constantly learning. He is in a different land and a different culture. He hears a different language and experiences different customs. His mind is constantly at work, trying to better understand the social mores, the different nuances in language, the new way of life and setting of his host country. He is practically learning sociology, anthropology, psychology, history, etc when he interacts with his hosts. This learning - according to the Quran - is the reason for the creation of different tribes and nations among mankind. When he visits different historic places and listens to the folk tales of the new country, he is learning. He is learning how the course of history has formed the unique national psyche and seeking out what special lessons he can learn from them to incorporate in this own personality. Thus he learns the proper way to recite the Quran from Egyptian quraa', business acumen from the Lebanese, how to always smile from the Philipinos, brotherhood from the Sudanese, hospitality from the Emiratis, love of native language from Bangladeshis, love from the homeland from Palestinians, resourcefulness from Pakistanis, humbleness from Malays, work ethic from Chinese, research from Jewish professors, active lifestyle from Australians, being on time from Finns, acceptance from Canadians, frankness from Americans, etc.

The best way to experience native cultures is to live among them. Avoid staying in five star hotels and shopping in malls which are almost the same throughout the world. Rather head for the villages, camp in the countryside, travel in railways and public buses and interact with the locals. Real learning takes time and ideally can be achieved in 4-5 years stints in different places. Try to regularly pray in the masajid of your host country to study the social strata of the Muslim society there. Learn from the local scholars. I believe one should try and join the Jamaatul Tabligh wa Dawa at least one in a lifetime for just the experience it provides. Countries with large multicultural populations like the Arabian Gulf States, Singapore and Canadian cities provide an opportunity to learn from a large diversity of nationalities.

The best travel is to the House of Allah (SWT) as you are constantly in the act of worshipping Him. In your midst are millions others from the whole world who are doing the same.

Scientific research now proves that those that have learnt more than one language can avoid mental diseases like Alzheimer's as language is the basis of the thought process. Every language provides a unique perspective of the reality of this world, so the more languages you pick up in your travels, the closer in context to the Ultimate Reality of Life you actually become. The best language for a Muslim to learn is that of the Quran and Sunnah. By learning it you can start to share the perspective of life the Prophet (SWAS) and the Sahaba (RA) had. No translation can ever provide you with that kind of context. Some scholars say that the language of Jannah will be Arabic. Allah (SWT) know best.

A sedentary lifestyle retards thought and can extinguish emaan if we are not careful. Indeed there is blessing in traveling. Fi kulli haraka baraka!

Factors in Marriage

There is a famous hadith in which the Prophet (SWAS) listed the factors people consider while choosing a mate and which among them is the best. Obviously it is the golden rule in this matter, applicable for all times and in all cultures.


If we try to analyze today's societies one way that we may try to classify families is based on their secular and religious education. There are families who have achieved a high level in both secular as well as religious education -- such families are less common these days, but they should be among the top consideration with respect to marriage. Not only do such people have a good understanding of the modern world, they also have the spiritual insights regarding the purpose of their existence. They make use of their secular education to fulfill that mission for which they are created. Life means more to them than just economic survival, eating, drinking, reproducing, etc. It is an honor for someone to marry in such a family.

Since perfection is not possible in this world, if one is not able to find such people, one should seek those who have high religious education, even though they might be lacking somewhat in their secular education. Such people may not fully understand the modern world or relate the role of their lives on affecting global society, but they are firmly at grips with their Islamic worldview and positively influence life at a local level. It is important to differentiate people who follow decadent traditions (many of them unislamic) and those that follow genuine authentic religion. If you have a high level of secular education, marrying among such people might create a good balance in the overall family unit.

A third group for consideration might be those with high secular education but deficient religious education. In such a decision, care must be taken to see if the nature of the secular education the family has is not against the Islamic worldview. It is hoped by marrying in such a family, that they may use their resources and free time to acquire quality religious education at a later stage in life. One can see a social phenomenon these days that more and more such families are implementing the deen in their lives.

The last group that marriage might be possible in are those families who do not value secular nor religious education. Unfortunately these days such people are in the majority. The mindset of these people are made by popular culture and mass media. They are incapable of deep independent thought. Their concern in life is only to have a good time. Marrying in such people is prone to problems, as it is very easy to aggravate relations with such a family. When they face disagreements such people exceed the bounds of decency and re-establishing proper relations with them becomes a nightmare. These people do not respect any higher principle in any argument as their emotions and personal concerns get the better of them. Often you will find such people with communal mindset, ready to identify with only people from their own family background. Hence marriage to this category should be avoided, if possible.

Marriage is an important decision and a wrong choice may cause you a lifetime of anguish, so choose wisely and be content.

A Society of Sects

Many well intentioned Muslims are put off from practising their deen, after observing the mentality and condition of practising Muslims around them.

Today, those people with true knowledge are very few and they are leaving us very fast. It is only natural that such people preach with a certain specific style, emphasizing aspects of their specialization. Their teachings are a product of their cumulative educational and practical experiences that they have acquired throughout their lifetimes. It is important to realize that their teachings represent only an aspect of the infinite Truth. They should not be taken as a touchstone of ultimate Truth -- a mistake often committed by their overzealous followers.

Just as going through a secular education system involves studying a diversity of subjects through different professors specialized in their specific sub-fields of knowledge, people should realize that seeking Islamic knowledge is a lifetime endeavor in which one learns different aspects of the religion from its specialists. One scholar might be among the best in one or two of a spectrum of Islamic subjects like Aquida, Arabic, Uloom ul Quran,Tafsir, Uloom ul Hadith, Fiqh, Usul ul Fiqh, Seerah, Tasawwuf, Comparative Religion, Escatology, etc. It is important for a true seeker to keep learning from different specialists and not to stop at one teacher.

Today this love of learning has been taken away from most of the Ummah and we are left with ignorant Muslim masses, who are incapable of or disinterested in continually improving their condition. Hence they resort to blindly following a particular preacher. They dress and behave exactly like their teacher, e.g.the followers of Zakir Naik wear a suit, tie and a white skull cap. They tend to listen to only his lectures and are willing to fight others who may not agree with their teacher's opinion on a subject which the ulema have agreed to have a difference of opinion. When you sit with them, there is tremendous pressure from them to conform. To many of them it does not matter if you are continuously learning. As long as you are conforming to external appearances it is good enough.

For many followers, learning comes to a screeching halt when their teacher passes away, as was the case recently with Dr Israr Ahmed or Maulana Abu Ala Maududi in 1979. Their books, speeches and ideas remain the only static sources of education for their followers. Others from their jamaat just keep adding explanations to the original ideas these thinkers presented in the past.

In most cases, the members of a particular jamaat join primarily to fulfill their individual social needs. Some do it to get access to people of influence for personal favors like social protection, social advancement, getting a wasta for good job, business contracts, admission to institutions like schools, universities, clubs, etc. Others who do not have such needs do it to practise their leadership and management skills. To both these people, learning is a chore. It is something which they need to provide lip service to and role play just to keep their membership. A jamaat with most of it membership consisting of individuals with such hypocritical attitudes is really doing a disservice to the Islamic cause and actually puting off sincere seekers of Truth who may come their way.

Those considering practising their religion should try not to be put off by the pressure to join one group or the other, but rather learn from each that aspect of the religion which they have specialized in. It is important to keep learning and keep moving, otherwise we may end up becoming just poor copies of the teacher who we take as our ultimate living ideal in life.

A Culture of Ostentation -- ثقافة التباهي -- ثقافة التباهي -- Une Culture de l'Ostentation

A Culture of Ostentation: Purpose vs. Parade

The Prophet (SAW) was a man of meticulous grace and refined grooming. He dressed with intention, honoring the occasion and the status of his guests. He famously rebuked unkemptness, teaching that "Allah is Beautiful and loves beauty," thereby encouraging the faithful to seek aesthetic harmony. Yet, despite this appreciation for beauty, the lives of the early Muslims were defined by a profound simplicity that stands in stark contrast to the excess of the modern age.

The Gravity of Purpose

When a society is anchored by a genuine sense of meaning, its individuals become consumed by the fulfillment of that mission. To the person of purpose, the peripheral markers of status—the prestige of an address, the brand of a vehicle, or the luxury of a vacation—recede into the background. As long as their basic needs are met with dignity, their focus remains fixed on their life’s higher calling.

I recall a colleague at Bell Labs who personified this detachment. He cycled to work and, during the peak of intense projects, would sleep on his office floor with nothing but a rucksack. He was a man of immense contribution, decorated with awards, yet he remained humble in speech and simple in attire, typically seen in a t-shirt and jeans. His work was his passion; the rest was secondary.

In the West, one often finds this "internal focus" among devoted researchers and explorers—those who spend a lifetime peering through radio telescopes to witness the birth of stars, or those who endure the rigors of the Amazon to document a single new species. These individuals are fueled by a fascination that transcends material comfort. Their lives are realized from within.

The Vacuum of Materialism

Conversely, a society that lacks a substantial ideological anchor drifts into a vacuous existence. When the internal world is empty, the focus shifts obsessively to the external. Materialistic competition becomes the dominant philosophy, and ostentation becomes the only metric of success.

Today, our world is increasingly managed by social engineers—operating through global media, formal education, and influential lobbies—who construct artificial benchmarks of happiness. They transform the masses into "blind consumers," more interested in entertainment than enlightenment. If you engage these individuals in dialogue, you often find a dearth of original insight; their perspectives are merely echoes of the latest talk show or viral trend.

As intellectual and spiritual cultivation is abandoned, the qualities that make us essentially human—the intellect (Aql) and the spirit (Ruh)—atrophy. During my first visit to the United States in 1989, I was struck by a pervasive intellectual decline, only to realize it was the result of a media landscape designed to systematically "dumb down" the public. Today, that same "garbage" is aired in our native languages, repackaged as our own culture, while the educational and reflective content that once nourished us has vanished.

Reclaiming the Soul

The remedy lies in the rediscovery of our own way of life—its unique philosophy, its timeless perspective, and its dignified lifestyle. We must commit to developing the mind and nourishing the soul.

By shifting our focus from the ostentatious to the essential, we find the path to true contentment. It is a journey that promises not only a life of tranquility in this world but, God willing, the key to everlasting bliss in the Hereafter.



ثقافة التباهي: الجوهر مقابل المظهر

لقد كان النبي ﷺ دقيقاً في هندامه وعنايته الشخصية؛ فكان يلبس لكل مقام لبوسه، ويراعي في ذلك مكانة ضيوفه. وقد أنكر ﷺ المظهر الرثّ، وعلمنا أن "الله جميل يحب الجمال"، فحث المسلمين على التزين. ورغم هذا التقدير للجمال، إلا أن حياة المسلمين الأوائل تميزت ببساطة عميقة تتناقض تماماً مع مظاهر البذخ في عصرنا الحديث.

ثقل الغاية

عندما يرتكز المجتمع على معنى حقيقي وغاية سامية، يصبح أفراده أكثر انشغالاً بتحقيق تلك الغاية. وبالنسبة لصاحب الرسالة، لا تهم كثيراً تلك المظاهر الخارجية للهوية—مثل فخامة السكن، أو نوع المركبة، أو العلامات التجارية للملابس، أو وجهات العطلات الفاخرة. فطالما أن احتياجاته الأساسية مُلباة بكرامة، يظل تركيزه ثابتاً على نداء حياته الأسمى.

أتذكر زميلاً لي في "مختبرات بيل" (Bell Labs) كان يجسد هذا الزهد عن المظاهر. كان يأتي إلى العمل بدراجة، وفي أيام العمل المزدحمة، كان يحضر حقيبة ظهره وينام على أرضية مكتبه مع اقتراب المواعيد النهائية للمشاريع. كان يحب عمله، ودوداً ومتعاوناً، متواضعاً في حديثه، وغالباً ما يرتدي قميصاً بسيطاً وبنطال جينز. نال العديد من جوائز التقدير لمساهماته، ومع ذلك ظل كما هو في جوهره.

في الغرب، وجدت الكثير من هؤلاء—من أساتذة جامعات وباحثين—الذين يمتلكون غاية داخلية يسعون لتحقيقها. هناك أناس يعيشون حياتهم بأكملها لدراسة كيف تولد النجوم وتموت باستخدام التلسكوبات اللاسلكية، وآخرون يسافرون إلى الأمازون ويعيشون في ظروف قاسية لسنوات لتوثيق دورة حياة فصيلة جديدة من الحشرات. هذه الأنشطة، في حد ذاتها، ممتعة ومُرضية لهم؛ فهي محور تركيزهم، وما سواها هو مجرد هوامش.

فراغ المادية

وعلى النقيض من ذلك، فإن المجتمع الذي يفتقر إلى رؤية أيديولوجية جوهرية لمعنى الحياة وهدفها، ينجرف نحو وجود فارغ. وعندما يخلو العالم الداخلي، يتحول التركيز بهوس نحو المظهر الخارجي؛ فتصبح المنافسة المادية والتباهي هما الفلسفة المهيمنة في الحياة.

لقد أصبح عالمنا اليوم يُدار بشكل متزايد من قبل "مهندسين اجتماعيين"—عبر وسائل الإعلام العالمية، والتعليم النظامي، وجماعات الضغط—الذين يصنعون معايير زائفة للسعادة وأنماط الحياة. لقد حولوا الجماهير إلى مستهلكين عميان، يهتمون بالترفيه أكثر من التنوير. وإذا حاولت محاورة هؤلاء، فلن تجد لديهم بصيرة أصلية؛ فآراؤهم ليست سوى صدى لما شاهدوه في "برنامج حواري" الليلة الماضية.

ومع التخلي عن القراءة والارتقاء الفكري والروحي، تضمر الصفات التي تجعلنا بشرًا حقًا: العقل والروح. عندما زرت الولايات المتحدة لأول مرة في عام 1989، صُدمت من الانحدار الفكري العام، وسرعان ما أدركت أن الإعلام هناك مصمم بشكل منهجي لتسطيح عقول الجماهير. واليوم، تُبث نفس تلك البرامج الضحلة بلغاتنا المحلية، مما يجعلها تبدو كأنها جزء من ثقافتنا، بينما نفتقر إلى البرامج التعليمية والوثائقية الجادة التي تغذي العقول.

استعادة الروح

إن العلاج يكمن في إعادة اكتشاف منهجنا الخاص في الحياة—فلسفته، ومنظوره، ونمط عيشه الكريم. يجب أن نلتزم بتطوير العقل وتغذية الروح؛ فهذا لن يساعدنا فقط على عيش حياة مليئة بالقناعة في هذا العالم، بل سيكون بإذن الله مفتاح السعادة الأبدية في الآخرة.

ثقافة التباهي: الجوهر مقابل المظهر

لقد كان النبي ﷺ دقيقاً في هندامه وعنايته الشخصية؛ فكان يرتدي لكل مقام لبوسه، ويراعي في ذلك مكانة ضيوفه. وقد أنكر ﷺ المظهر الرثّ، وعلمنا أن "الله جميل يحب الجمال"، فحث المسلمين على التجمل. ورغم هذا التقدير للجمال، إلا أن حياة المسلمين الأوائل تميزت ببساطة عميقة وتجرد عن المظاهر، وهو ما يتناقض تماماً مع مقاييس البذخ في عصرنا الحديث.

ثقل الغاية

عندما يرتكز المجتمع على معنى حقيقي وغاية سامية، يصبح أفراده أكثر انشغالاً بتحقيق تلك الغاية. وبالنسبة لصاحب الرسالة، لا تهم كثيراً تلك المظاهر الخارجية للهوية—مثل فخامة السكن، أو طراز المركبة، أو العلامات التجارية للملابس، أو وجهات العطلات الفاخرة. فطالما أن احتياجاته الأساسية مُلباة بكرامة، يظل تركيزه ثابتاً على نداء حياته الأسمى.

أتذكر زميلاً لي في "مختبرات بيل" (Bell Labs) كان يجسد هذا التجرد. كان يأتي إلى العمل بدراجة، وفي الأيام المزدحمة بالعمل، كان يحضر حقيبة ظهره وينام على أرضية مكتبه مع اقتراب المواعيد النهائية للمشاريع. كان يحب عمله، ودوداً ومتعاوناً، متواضعاً في حديثه، وغالباً ما يرتدي قميصاً بسيطاً وبنطال جينز. نال العديد من جوائز التقدير لمساهماته، ومع ذلك ظل كما هو في جوهره.

في الغرب، وجدت الكثير من هؤلاء—من أساتذة جامعات وباحثين—الذين يمتلكون غاية داخلية يسعون لتحقيقها. هناك أناس يقضون حياتهم بأكملها في دراسة كيفية ولادة النجوم وموتها باستخدام التلسكوبات اللاسلكية، وآخرون يسافرون إلى الأمازون ويعيشون في ظروف قاسية لسنوات لتوثيق دورة حياة فصيلة جديدة من الحشرات. هذه الأنشطة، في حد ذاتها، ممتعة ومُرضية لهم؛ فهي محور تركيزهم، وما سواها هو مجرد هوامش.

فراغ المادية

وعلى النقيض من ذلك، فإن المجتمع الذي يفتقر إلى رؤية فكرية جوهرية لمعنى الحياة وهدفها، ينجرف نحو وجود فارغ. وعندما يخلو العالم الداخلي، يتحول التركيز بهوس نحو المظهر الخارجي؛ فتصبح المنافسة المادية والتباهي هما الفلسفة المهيمنة في الحياة.

لقد أصبح عالمنا اليوم يُدار بشكل متزايد من قبل "مهندسين اجتماعيين"—عبر وسائل الإعلام العالمية، والتعليم النظامي، وجماعات الضغط—الذين يصنعون معايير زائفة للسعادة وأنماط الحياة. لقد حولوا الجماهير إلى مستهلكين عميان، يهتمون بالترفيه أكثر من التنوير. وإذا حاولت محاورة هؤلاء، فلن تجد لديهم بصيرة أصلية؛ فآراؤهم ليست سوى صدى لما شاهدوه في "برنامج حواري" الليلة الماضية.

ومع التخلي عن القراءة والارتقاء الفكري والروحي، تضمر الصفات التي تجعلنا بشرًا حقًا: العقل والروح. عندما زرت الولايات المتحدة لأول مرة في عام 1989، صُدمت من الانحدار الفكري العام، وسرعان ما أدركت أن الإعلام هناك مصمم بشكل منهجي لتسطيح عقول الجماهير. واليوم، تُبث نفس تلك البرامج الضحلة بلغاتنا المحلية، مما يجعلها تبدو كأنها جزء من ثقافتنا، بينما نفتقد إلى البرامج التعليمية والوثائقية الجادة التي تغذي العقول.

استعادة الروح

إن العلاج يكمن في إعادة اكتشاف منهجنا الخاص في الحياة—فلسفته، ومنظوره، ونمط عيشه الكريم. يجب أن نلتزم بتطوير العقل وتغذية الروح؛ فهذا لن يساعدنا فقط على عيش حياة مليئة بالقناعة في هذا العالم، بل سيكون بإذن الله مفتاح السعادة الأبدية في الآخرة.

Une Culture de l'Ostentation : Le Sens contre la Parade

Le Prophète (PSL) accordait une importance méticuleuse à son apparence. Il s’habillait avec soin selon l’occasion, tout en honorant le rang de ses invités. Il condamnait les apparences négligées et nous enseignait qu’« Allah est Beau et qu’Il aime la beauté », encourageant ainsi les musulmans à s'apprêter. Pourtant, malgré cet amour de l'esthétique, la vie des premiers musulmans était caractérisée par une sobriété qui, selon les critères d’aujourd'hui, semblerait d'une simplicité absolue.

La Gravité du But

Lorsqu'une société est ancrée dans un sens et un dessein réels, les individus se soucient davantage d'accomplir cette mission. Pour eux, les marqueurs extérieurs de statut — le prestige de l'adresse, le modèle du véhicule, la marque des vêtements ou la destination des vacances — importent peu. Tant que leurs besoins fondamentaux sont satisfaits avec dignité, leur attention reste fixée sur la vocation supérieure de leur vie.

Je me souviens d'un collègue aux laboratoires Bell qui incarnait ce détachement. Il venait au travail à vélo et, lors des périodes intenses de projets, il apportait son sac à dos pour dormir à même le sol de son bureau à l'approche des échéances. Il aimait son travail, se montrait amical et coopératif, humble dans ses paroles, et portait simplement un jean et un t-shirt. Bien qu’il ait reçu de nombreux prix pour ses contributions, il restait fondamentalement le même.

En Occident, j’ai rencontré beaucoup de gens ainsi — professeurs d’université, chercheurs ou étudiants — qui possédaient un moteur interne et étaient totalement absorbés par sa réalisation. Certains consacrent leur existence à étudier la naissance et la mort des étoiles via des radiotélescopes. D'autres partent en Amazonie, vivant dans des conditions précaires pendant des années pour documenter le cycle de vie d'une nouvelle espèce d'insecte. Ces activités sont, en soi, fascinantes et gratifiantes pour ces individus. C’est là leur priorité ; le reste n’est que périphérie.

Le Vide du Matérialisme

À l'inverse, une société dépourvue de perspective idéologique sur le sens de la vie dérive vers une existence vide. Lorsque le monde intérieur est désert, l'attention se déplace de manière obsessionnelle vers l'extérieur. La compétition matérialiste et l’ostentation deviennent la philosophie dominante.

Des critères artificiels de bonheur et de style de vie sont créés par les « ingénieurs sociaux » qui contrôlent notre monde à travers les médias mondiaux, l'éducation formelle et les groupes de pression. Ils transforment les masses en consommateurs aveugles de produits et de divertissements. Si vous discutez avec ces personnes, vous n'y trouverez aucune pensée originale ; leur position sur un sujet n'est que l'écho du talk-show qu'elles ont regardé la veille.

En abandonnant la lecture et la culture de l'esprit, les qualités qui font de nous des êtres essentiellement humains — l’intellect (Aql) et la spiritualité (Ruh) — s’atrophient. Lors de ma première visite aux États-Unis en 1989, j’ai été frappé par le faible niveau intellectuel général du public. J’ai vite compris que la télévision américaine œuvrait systématiquement à l'abrutissement des masses. Aujourd’hui, ces mêmes programmes ineptes sont diffusés dans nos propres langues, et nous les avons adoptés. Ce qui nous manque, ce sont les programmes éducatifs et les documentaires sérieux qui nourrissaient autrefois nos esprits.

Redécouvrir l'Essentiel

Redécouvrons notre propre mode de vie, sa philosophie, sa perspective et sa dignité. Développez votre esprit, faites grandir votre âme. Cela ne vous aidera pas seulement à mener une vie de plénitude dans ce monde, mais sera, si Dieu le veut, la clé de la félicité éternelle dans l'autre.